Murashige and Skoog Medium (MS) was originally
formulated by Murashige and Skoog in 1962 to optimize
tobacco callus bioassay system for facilitating the study
of cytokinins. Since then, it is widely used for micro
propagation, organ culture, callus culture and suspension
culture. The formulation is a nutrient blend of inorganic
salts, vitamins, amino acid, carbohydrate and gelling
agent.
Murashige and Skoog Medium (MS) provides all
essential macroelements and microelements. Potassium
dihydrogen phosphate serves as a source of
phosphate. Microelements like Boron, Manganese,
Molybdenum, Copper, Iron and Zinc play vital
role in plant metabolism. Boron plays a key role
in carbohydrate metabolism. Thiamine, pyridoxine,
nicotinic acid act as enzymatic cofactors in universal
pathways including glycolysis and TCA cycle along
with primary and secondary metabolism in the plants.
Glycine serves as a source of amino acid.
The product is plant tissue culture tested but it is the sole
responsibility of the user to ensure the suitability of the
medium for individual species

Composition :
Ingredients mg/L
MACROELEMENTS
Ammonium nitrate 1650.000
Magnesium sulphate 180.690
Potassium nitrate 1900.000
Potassium phosphate monobasic 170.000
MICROELEMENTS
Boric acid 6.200
Cobalt chloride hexahydrate 0.025
Copper sulphate pentahydrate 0.025
EDTA disodium salt dihydrate 37.300
Ferrous sulphate heptahydrate 27.800
Manganese sulphate monohydrate 16.900
Molybdic acid (sodium salt) 0.213